编者按:乳腺叶状肿瘤属于纤维上皮肿瘤,由间质及上皮成分构成,切面呈分叶状而得名,发病率约为2.1/10万,约占全部乳腺肿瘤的0.3%~0.5%,纤维上皮肿瘤的2%~3%,好发于35~55岁女性。临床表现多为单侧单发的无痛性肿块,一般活动度好,不侵犯胸肌和皮肤,溃疡及乳头回缩少见。其肿瘤成分呈分叶状突入囊变间隔和肉瘤样基质中,故又称为乳腺叶状囊肉瘤。1981年,世界卫生组织将其命名为叶状肿瘤或叶状囊肉瘤。2003年,世界卫生组织正式将其命名为叶状肿瘤,并将其分为良性、交界性(中性)、恶性3种。
2018年2月26日,美国癌症学会和国际抗癌联盟《癌症医学》在线发表复旦大学附属肿瘤医院和上海医学院郭小毛、俞晓立、邵志敏等学者的队列回顾研究报告,利用列线图对404例乳腺叶状肿瘤患者术后无复发生存相关独立预后因素进行了分析。
该单中心队列回顾分析研究从复旦大学附属肿瘤医院入组2002年1月1日~2013年4月1日乳腺叶状肿瘤女性患者404例,中位随访46个月(范围:10~145)。根据组织学类型,良性乳腺叶状肿瘤患者被划分为低风险组,交界性(中性)和恶性乳腺叶状肿瘤患者被划分为高风险组。根据多因素比例风险回归模型,确定两组术后无复发生存的影响因素,并生成列线图预测1年、3年、5年的无复发生存。
结果发现:
良性:168例(41.6%)
中性:184例(45.5%)
恶性:52例(12.9%)
1、3、5、10年无复发生存率:
所有:94.8%、88.4%、87.6%、86.6%
良性:99.4%、97.0%、97.0%、96.4%
中性:97.3%、88.0%、86.4%、85.9%
恶性:71.2%、61.5%、59.6%、57.7%
术后局部复发54例:
良性:6例(3.6%)
中性:26例(14.1%)
恶性:22例(42.3%)
单纯切除:48例(88.9%)
广泛切除:2例(3.7%)
乳房切除:4例(7.4%)
无复发生存的独立预后因素:
低风险组:基质细胞异型
高风险组:单纯手术切除、肿瘤边缘浸润
根据临床病理学特征和手术方式制作的列线图可以预测1、3、5年无复发生存。
此外,辅助放疗仅10例(2.5%),辅助放疗后均无复发,其中原发肿瘤术后4例、术后局部复发6例、乳房保留术后全乳放疗2例、乳房切除术后胸壁放疗2例、首次复发术后放疗5例、肿瘤边缘浸润占44.4%(P=0.040)、大部分存在重度基质细胞异型(P<0.001)、局部复发和远处转移显著较多(P<0.05)。
因此,对于高风险(交界性和恶性)乳腺叶状肿瘤患者,根据肿瘤边缘、肿瘤残余、有丝分裂活性、基质细胞增生程度、异型进行预测的列线图可用于患者咨询和临床管理。辅助放疗的有效性尚不明确。
补充阅读
Cancer Med. 2018 Feb 26. [Epub ahead of print]
Prognostic factors in breast phyllodes tumors: a nomogram based on a retrospective cohort study of 404 patients.
Zhou ZR, Wang CC, Sun XJ, Yang ZZ, Chen XX, Shao ZM, Yu XL, Guo XM.
Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
The aim of this study was to explore the independent prognostic factors related to postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with breast phyllodes tumors (PTBs). A retrospective analysis was conducted in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. According to histological type, patients with benign PTBs were classified as a low-risk group, while borderline and malignant PTBs were classified as a high-risk group. The Cox regression model was adopted to identify factors affecting postoperative RFS in the two groups, and a nomogram was generated to predict recurrence-free survival at 1, 3, and 5 years. Among the 404 patients, 168 (41.6%) patients had benign PTB, 184 (45.5%) had borderline PTB, and 52 (12.9%) had malignant PTB. Fifty-five patients experienced postoperative local recurrence, including six benign cases, 26 borderline cases, and 22 malignant cases; the three histological types of PTB had local recurrence rates of 3.6%, 14.1%, and 42.3%, respectively. Stromal cell atypia was an independent prognostic factor for RFS in the low-risk group, while the surgical approach and tumor border were independent prognostic factors for RFS in the high-risk group, and patients receiving simple excision with an infiltrative tumor border had a higher recurrence rate. A nomogram developed based on clinicopathologic features and surgical approaches could predict recurrence-free survival at 1, 3, and 5 years. For high-risk patients, this predictive nomogram based on tumor border, tumor residue, mitotic activity, degree of stromal cell hyperplasia, and atypia can be applied for patient counseling and clinical management. The efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy remains uncertain.
KEYWORDS: Adjuvant radiotherapy; clinicopathologic features; local recurrence; phyllodes tumor of the breast; surgical treatment
PMID: 29479819
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1327
经过主办方讨论决定,第十五届全国乳腺癌会议暨第十三届上海国际乳腺癌论坛将于2018年10月18~20日在上海召开,为了全面启动会议的各项筹备工作,兹定于2018年3月14日(周三)下午3点(北京时间15:00)在复旦大学附属肿瘤医院(上海市徐汇区东安路270号)2号楼7楼乳腺外科会议室召开第一次筹备会议,会议内容重要,请各单位相关负责人务必准时出席,谢谢!
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